Friday, July 12, 2013

The Yellow Turban Army Led By Zhang Jiao

By Freda Watts


People who are familiar with the ancient history of China may have heard of Zhang Jiao. He is considered as a rebellious leader who caused some significant effects on how the country was operated in the early days, as he initiated the Yellow Turban Rebellion. The name 'Jiao' is also sometimes pronounced as 'Jue', and he thought of himself as the 'Great Teacher'.

Zhang Jiao was not alone in his rebellious quest, as he had two brothers who stood by his side. Their names were Zhang Bao and Zhang Liang. Each brother played different roles in the rebellion, as Zhang Bao was thought of as the 'General of Land', while Zhang Liang was considered as the 'General of People'. Overall, however, it was Zhang Jiao who was the General of Heaven, and who determined the most important proceedings.

This act of great rebellion occurred in 184 AD. It is has also been known as 'The Way of Peace'. China was under the influence of Emperor Ling, and it was the time of the Han Dynasty. The head wrappings which were adorned by the rebels were the reason for the name of the army because of their color. All the rebels of the Yellow Turban Army used these head dresses.

The two brothers of Jiao were younger, and their main practice was to help sick people who were in desperate need of healing. These people could often not pay money for the services offered, but were helped nonetheless. The two brothers were dismayed by the circumstances under which the peasants were forced to live, and did all they could to help them.

Jiao himself, was also a healer. His method of healing was a kind of Taoism, and he relied upon his faith in order to bring about positive changes. All three men did what they could to help others, and also planned the movement that would improve lives. They gave hope to the peasants, as they knew what was coming. They set the stage for the upcoming times of change.

At this time in China the peasants were exploited by wealthy landowners. The rich people did not pay their workers well, and treated them badly. They only wanted them in order to bring more wealth to themselves. The high taxes were a major problem in the peasants' lives as well, and the number of floods that wrecked the area did not help improve the situation. The government at this time was also under collapse, which put further pressure on the peasants.

Zhang Jiao had formulated a plan where masses of people would rebel against the government and imperial armies. The plan needed to be implemented a little earlier than expected, but it seemed as if the people were ready at any time. Men in the tens of thousands stood behind their leader, and finally fought for their rights.

Although the Yellow Turban Rebellion did not accomplish all that it was meant to, and was ultimately defeated, things did improve. The Han Dynasty era also demised faster due to the event. It ended in 220 AD. There were also other rebellions in the future that were modeled after this one.




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